<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ellibs</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Электронные библиотеки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Digital Libraries Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1562-5419</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26907/1562-5419-2025-28-5-1230-1252</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ellibs-617</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ядро верифицируемой объяснимости: гибридная архитектура GD-ANFIS/SHAP для XAI 2.0</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Verified Explainability Core: a GD-ANFIS/SHAP Hybrid Architecture for XAI 2.0</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трофимов</surname><given-names>Юрий Владиславович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trofimov</surname><given-names>Yuri Vladislavovich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">ura_trofim@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедев</surname><given-names>Александр Дмитриевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedev</surname><given-names>Alexander Dmitrievich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">lebedev0lexander@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильин</surname><given-names>Андрей Сергеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilin</surname><given-names>Andrei Sergeevich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">a.ilin@innopolis.university</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аверкин</surname><given-names>Алексей Николаевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Averkin</surname><given-names>Alexey Nikolaevich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">averkin2003@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный университет «Дубна»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dubna State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Иннополис</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Innopolis University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Вычислительный центр им. А. А. Дородницына РАН</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control” of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>1230</fpage><lpage>1252</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Трофимов Ю.В., Лебедев А.Д., Ильин А.С., Аверкин А.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Трофимов Ю.В., Лебедев А.Д., Ильин А.С., Аверкин А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Trofimov Y.V., Lebedev A.D., Ilin A.S., Averkin A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ellibs.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/617">https://ellibs.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/617</self-uri><abstract><p>Предложена гибридная архитектура Explainable AI, совмещающая полностью дифференцируемую нейро-нечеткую модель GD-ANFIS и пост-хок метод SHAP. Интеграция выполнена с целью реализации принципов XAI 2.0, требующих одновременной прозрачности, проверяемости и адаптивности объяснений.


GD-ANFIS формирует человеческо-читаемые правила типа Такаги – Сугено, обеспечивая структурную интерпретируемость, тогда как SHAP вычисляет количественные вклады признаков по теории Шепли. Для объединения этих слоев разработан механизм компаративного аудита: он автоматически сопоставляет наборы ключевых признаков, проверяет совпадение направлений их влияния и анализирует согласованность между числовыми оценками SHAP и лингвистическими правилами GD-ANFIS. Такой двухконтурный контроль повышает доверие к выводам модели и позволяет оперативно выявлять потенциальные расхождения.


Эффективность подхода подтверждена экспериментами на четырех разнородных наборах данных. В медицинской задаче классификации Breast Cancer Wisconsin достигнута точность 0.982; в задаче глобального картирования просадок грунта — 0.89. В регрессионных тестах на Boston Housing и мониторинге качества поверхностных вод получены RMSE 2.30 и 2.36 соответственно при полном сохранении интерпретируемости. Во всех случаях пересечение топ-признаков в объяснениях двух методов составляло не менее 60%, что демонстрирует высокую согласованность структурных и числовых трактовок.


Предложенная архитектура формирует практическую основу для ответственного внедрения XAI 2.0 в критически важных областях — от медицины и экологии до геоинформационных систем и финансового сектора.
</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper proposes a hybrid Explainable AI architecture that fuses a fully differentiable neuro-fuzzy GD-ANFIS model with the post-hoc SHAP method. The integration is designed to meet XAI 2.0 principles, which call for explanations that are transparent, verifiable, and adaptable at the same time. GD-ANFIS produces human-readable Takagi-Sugeno rules, ensuring structural interpretability, whereas SHAP delivers quantitative feature contributions derived from Shapley theory. To merge these layers, we introduce a comparative-audit mechanism that automatically matches the sets of key features identified by both methods, checks whether the directions of influence coincide, and assesses the consistency between SHAP numerical scores and GD-ANFIS linguistic rules. Such dual-loop on global soil-subsidence mapping, and RMSE 2.30 and 2.36 on Boston Housing and surface-water-quality monitoring respectively, all with full interpretability preserved. In every case, top-feature overlap between the two explanation layers exceeded 60%, demonstrating strong agreement between structural and numerical interpretations. The proposed architecture therefore offers a practical foundation for responsible XAI 2.0 deployment in critical domains ranging from medicine and ecology to geoinformation systems and finance.
</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>объяснимый искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>XAI 2.0</kwd><kwd>ANFIS</kwd><kwd>SHAP</kwd><kwd>компаративный анализ</kwd><kwd>интерпретируемость</kwd><kwd>пространственный анализ</kwd><kwd>доверенность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>explainable artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>XAI 2.0</kwd><kwd>ANFIS</kwd><kwd>SHAP</kwd><kwd>comparative analysis</kwd><kwd>interpretability</kwd><kwd>spatial analysis</kwd><kwd>confidence</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Trofimov Y.V., Shevchenko A.V., Averkin A.N., Muravyov I.P., Kuznetsov E.M. Concept of hierarchically organized explainable intelligent systems: synthesis of deep neural networks, fuzzy logic and incremental learning in medical diagnostics // Proceedings of the VI International Conference on Neural Networks and Neurotechnologies (NeuroNT). 2025. P. 14–17. https://doi.org/10.1109/NeuroNT66873.2025.11049976</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trofimov Y.V., Shevchenko A.V., Averkin A.N., Muravyov I.P., Kuznetsov E.M. Concept of hierarchically organized explainable intelligent systems: synthesis of deep neural networks, fuzzy logic and incremental learning in medical diagnostics // Proceedings of the VI International Conference on Neural Networks and Neurotechnologies (NeuroNT). 2025. P. 14–17. https://doi.org/10.1109/NeuroNT66873.2025.11049976</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rudin C. Stop explaining black box machine learning models for high‑stakes decisions and use interpretable models instead // Nature Machine Intelligence. 2019. Vol. 1, No. 5. P. 206–215. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42256-019-0048-x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rudin C. Stop explaining black box machine learning models for high‑stakes decisions and use interpretable models instead // Nature Machine Intelligence. 2019. Vol. 1, No. 5. P. 206–215. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42256-019-0048-x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lundberg S.M., Lee S.-I. A unified approach to interpreting model predictions // Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. 2017. Vol. 30. P. 4765–4774. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1705.07874</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lundberg S.M., Lee S.-I. A unified approach to interpreting model predictions // Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. 2017. Vol. 30. P. 4765–4774. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1705.07874</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ribeiro M.T., Singh S., Guestrin C. “Why Should I Trust You?” Explaining the predictions of any classifier // Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. 2016. P. 1135–1144. https://doi.org/10.1145/2939672.2939778</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ribeiro M.T., Singh S., Guestrin C. “Why Should I Trust You?” Explaining the predictions of any classifier // Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. 2016. P. 1135–1144. https://doi.org/10.1145/2939672.2939778</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lipton Z.C. The mythos of model interpretability // Communications of the ACM. 2018. Vol. 61, no. 10. P. 36–43. https://doi.org/10.1145/3233231</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lipton Z.C. The mythos of model interpretability // Communications of the ACM. 2018. Vol. 61, no. 10. P. 36–43. https://doi.org/10.1145/3233231</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Doshi-Velez F., Kim B. Towards a rigorous science of interpretable machine learning // arXiv preprint. 2017. arXiv:1702.08608. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1702.08608</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Doshi-Velez F., Kim B. Towards a rigorous science of interpretable machine learning // arXiv preprint. 2017. arXiv:1702.08608. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1702.08608</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jang J.S.R. ANFIS: Adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system // IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics. 1993. Vol. 23, no. 3. P. 665–685 https://doi.org/10.1109/21.256541</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jang J.S.R. ANFIS: Adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system // IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics. 1993. Vol. 23, no. 3. P. 665–685 https://doi.org/10.1109/21.256541</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zadeh L.A. Fuzzy sets // Information and Control. 1965. Vol. 8, No. 3. P. 338–353. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0019-9958(65)90241-X</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zadeh L.A. Fuzzy sets // Information and Control. 1965. Vol. 8, No. 3. P. 338–353. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0019-9958(65)90241-X</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Trofimov Y.V., Averkin A.N. The relationship between trusted artificial intelligence and XAI 2.0: theory and frameworks // Soft Measurements and Computing. 2025. Vol. 90, No. 5. P. 68–84. https://doi.org/10.36871/2618-9976.2025.05.006</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trofimov Y.V., Averkin A.N. The relationship between trusted artificial intelligence and XAI 2.0: theory and frameworks // Soft Measurements and Computing. 2025. Vol. 90, No. 5. P. 68–84. https://doi.org/10.36871/2618-9976.2025.05.006</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Takagi T., Sugeno M. Fuzzy identification of systems and its applications to modeling and control // IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics. 1985. Vol. 15, No. 1. P. 116–132. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSMC.1985.6313399</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Takagi T., Sugeno M. Fuzzy identification of systems and its applications to modeling and control // IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics. 1985. Vol. 15, No. 1. P. 116–132. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSMC.1985.6313399</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nguyen T., Mirjalili S. X‑ANFIS: explainable adaptive neuro‑fuzzy inference system: repository. Электрон. ресурс // GitHub. 2023. Дата обращения: 15.01.2025.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nguyen T., Mirjalili S. X‑ANFIS: explainable adaptive neuro‑fuzzy inference system: repository. Электрон. ресурс // GitHub. 2023. Дата обращения: 15.01.2025.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shapley L.S. A value for n‑person games // Contributions to the Theory of Games, vol. 2. Princeton University Press. 1953. P. 307–317. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400881970-018</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shapley L.S. A value for n‑person games // Contributions to the Theory of Games, vol. 2. Princeton University Press. 1953. P. 307–317. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400881970-018</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Breiman L. Random forests // Machine Learning. 2001. Vol. 45, no. 1. P. 5–32. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010933404324</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Breiman L. Random forests // Machine Learning. 2001. Vol. 45, no. 1. P. 5–32. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010933404324</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Comprehensive surface water quality monitoring dataset (1940–2023): dataset. Электрон. ресурс // Figshare. 2025. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.27800394. Дата обращения: июль 2025.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Comprehensive surface water quality monitoring dataset (1940–2023): dataset. Электрон. ресурс // Figshare. 2025. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.27800394. Дата обращения: июль 2025.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hasan M.F., Smith R., Vajedian S., Majumdar S., Pommerenke R. Global land subsidence mapping reveals widespread loss of aquifer storage capacity // Nature Communications. 2023. Vol. 14. Art. 6180. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-41933-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hasan M.F., Smith R., Vajedian S., Majumdar S., Pommerenke R. Global land subsidence mapping reveals widespread loss of aquifer storage capacity // Nature Communications. 2023. Vol. 14. Art. 6180. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-41933-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
