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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ellibs</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Электронные библиотеки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Digital Libraries Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1562-5419</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26907/1562-5419-2024-27-4-598-655</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ellibs-564</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нейросетевая архитектура воплощенного интеллекта</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Neural Network Architecture of Embodied Intelligence</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нурутдинов</surname><given-names>Айрат Рафкатович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nurutdinov</surname><given-names>Ayrat Rafkatovich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">ayrat.nurutdinov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ПАО "Таттелеком"</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>PJSC “Tattelecom"</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>598</fpage><lpage>655</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Нурутдинов А.Р., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Нурутдинов А.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nurutdinov A.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ellibs.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/564">https://ellibs.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/564</self-uri><abstract><p>В последние годы достижения в области искусственного интеллекта (ИИ) и машинного обучения обусловлены успехами в разработке больших языковых моделей (LLM) на основе глубоких нейронных сетей. В то же время, несмотря на существенные возможности, LLM имеет такие принципиальные ограничения, как спонтанная недостоверность в фактах и суждениях; допущение простых ошибок, диссонирующих с высокой компетентностью в целом; легковерие, проявляющееся в готовности принимать за истину заведомо ложные утверждения пользователя; отсутствие сведений о событиях, произошедших после завершения обучения.
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Вероятно, ключевой причиной является то, что обучение биологического интеллекта происходит через усвоение неявных знаний воплощенной формой интеллекта, позволяющей решать интерактивные физические задачи реального мира. Биоинспирированные исследования нервных систем организмов позволяют рассматривать мозжечок, координирующий движения и поддерживающий равновесие, в качестве главного кандидата для раскрытия методов реализации воплощенного физического интеллекта. Его простая повторяющаяся структура и способность управлять сложными движениями дают надежду на возможность создания аналога адаптивным нейронным сетям.
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В настоящей работе изучается биоинспирированная архитектура мозжечка как форма аналоговых вычислительных сетей, способная моделировать сложные физические системы реального мира. В качестве простого примера представлена реализация воплощенного ИИ в виде многокомпонентной модели щупальца осьминога, демонстрирующей потенциал в создании адаптивных физических систем, обучающихся и взаимодействующих с окружающей средой.
</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In recent years, advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning have been driven by advances in the development of large language models (LLMs) based on deep neural networks. At the same time, despite its substantial capabilities, LLMs have fundamental limitations such as spontaneous unreliability in facts and judgments; making simple errors that are dissonant with high competence in general; credulity, manifested by a willingness to accept a user's knowingly false claims as true; and lack of knowledge about events that have occurred after training has been completed.
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Probably the key reason is that bioinspired intelligence learning occurs through the assimilation of implicit knowledge by an embodied form of intelligence to solve interactive real-world physical problems. Bioinspired studies of the nervous systems of organisms suggest that the cerebellum, which coordinates movement and maintains balance, is a prime candidate for uncovering methods for realizing embodied physical intelligence. Its simple repetitive structure and ability to control complex movements offer hope for the possibility of creating an analog to adaptive neural networks.
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This paper explores the bioinspired architecture of the cerebellum as a form of analog computational networks capable of modeling complex real-world physical systems. As a simple example, a realization of embodied AI in the form of a multi-component model of an octopus tentacle is presented, demonstrating the potential in creating adaptive physical systems that learn and interact with the environment.
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